Bhagwan Buddha gave the Satipatthana Sutta, to the Kurus who were very dedicated with utmost care in the following 5 sheels. This Sutta was delivered to where modern-day village named Kammaspur near Delhi.
It is a core text of the Pali Canon, which is the collection of scriptures that forms the basis of Theravada Buddhism. The sutta outlines the four foundations of mindfulness, which are:
The mindfulness of the body (kayaanupassana): This foundation of mindfulness involves cultivating a heightened awareness of the body and its various functions, such as breathing, walking, and eating. It involves paying attention to the body as an object of meditation and noticing the sensations that arise in the body without reacting to them.
The mindfulness of feelings (vedananupassana): This foundation of mindfulness involves cultivating a heightened awareness of the feelings that arise in response to experiences, whether they are pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral. It involves noticing these feelings without reacting to them or becoming attached to them.
The mindfulness of the mind (cittanupassana): This foundation of mindfulness involves cultivating a heightened awareness of the mind and its various states, such as thoughts, emotions, and distractions. It involves paying attention to the mind as an object of meditation and noticing the contents of the mind without reacting to them.
The mindfulness of mental objects (dhammanupassana): This foundation of mindfulness involves cultivating a heightened awareness of the various mental objects that arise in the mind, such as thoughts, emotions, and sensations. It involves noticing these mental objects with equanimity without reacting to them or becoming attached to them.
Satipatthana Sutta involves developing a heightened awareness of these four foundations in order to gain insight into the true nature of reality and the causes of suffering.
It is believed that through the practice of vipassana meditation, individuals can cultivate a calm and clear mind, and ultimately achieve the end of suffering and attain enlightenment.